長文読解練習 　＜大学受験編　ー難易度: 中堅校レベル＃１ー＞

The Importance and Conservation of the Great Barrier Reef

The Great Barrier Reef, a natural wonder of the world, stretches over 2,300 kilometres along the northeastern coast of Australia. This vast ecosystem, composed of over 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands, is the planet’s largest coral reef system. Not only is it renowned for its breathtaking beauty, but it also plays a crucial role in the marine environment.

Coral reefs are often referred to as the “rainforests of the sea” due to their rich biodiversity. The Great Barrier Reef is home to a myriad of marine life, including over 1,500 species of fish, 411 types of hard coral, and dozens of species of whales, dolphins, and sea turtles. This diversity makes the reef a vital habitat for many species, some of which are endangered.

The reef’s significance extends beyond its ecological value. It is also a substantial economic asset to Australia, contributing billions of dollars annually through tourism and fishing. Tourists from around the globe flock to experience its beauty, whether by snorkeling, diving, or viewing from the air. The reef also supports local communities and provides jobs in tourism and research.

However, this precious ecosystem faces significant threats. Climate change, particularly the warming of ocean temperatures, leads to coral bleaching, where corals expel the algae living in their tissues, causing them to turn white and often die. Pollution, overfishing, and coastal development also pose risks to the reef’s health.

Efforts to protect and conserve the Great Barrier Reef are ongoing. The Australian government, in partnership with scientists and conservationists, is working on measures to reduce the impact of human activities. These include improving water quality, managing fisheries, and researching coral resilience.

The Great Barrier Reef is not just an Australian treasure but a global one. Its preservation is essential for maintaining the biodiversity of our oceans and the health of our planet. As individuals, we can contribute to its conservation by reducing our carbon footprint, supporting sustainable seafood choices, and advocating for policies that protect marine environments.

In conclusion, the Great Barrier Reef is a testament to the splendor and complexity of our natural world. It reminds us of the interconnectedness of all living things and the importance of safeguarding our environment for future generations.